动词短语是由一个动词加上副词、介词或其他成分构成的,它们在句中作为一个整体使用,通常具有与单个动词不同的意义,本文旨在介绍一些常见的英语动词短语,并提供它们的用法和例句。
动词短语的分类
1. 动词+副词
这类短语通常用来表示动作的方式或方向,
turn on/off (打开/关闭)
put up with (忍受)
break down (分解,故障)
2. 动词+介词
这种结构通常用来表达动作的目的或方向,
look after (照顾)
care for (关心)
wait for (等待)
3. 动词+副词+介词
这个结构的短语常用于表示更具体的动作目的或方向,
catch up with (赶上)
get on with (进展)
go in for (参加)
常见动词短语及用法
短语 | 意义 | 例句 |
take off | 起飞;突然成功 | The plane will take off soon. |
set up | 建立;安排 | They set up a new company last year. |
give up | 放弃 | She decided to give up smoking. |
run out of | 用完 | We’re running out of time. |
come across | 偶遇 | I came across an old friend yesterday. |
bring about | 引起 | The new policy will bring about changes. |
fall behind | 落后 | He fell behind in his studies. |
look forward to | 期待 | I’m looking forward to the holiday. |
make up for | 补偿 | How can I make up for my mistake? |
put off | 推迟 | Don’t put off until tomorrow what can be done today. |
动词短语的变形与搭配
动词短语可以通过改变其中的副词或介词来创建新的短语,但要注意保持语义上的一致性。
put away (收起来) → put aside (留出)
turn down (拒绝) → turn over (翻转)
不同的主语和宾语可以与动词短语搭配,产生不同的含义。
take off (飞机起飞) → sales take off (销量猛增)
相关问题与解答
问题1: 如果我想表达“提高工作效率”,应该使用哪个动词短语?
答案: 可以使用 "get on with" 或 "improve efficiency"。"We need to get on with our work to improve efficiency."
问题2: “look forward to”中的“to”是介词吗?我应该如何正确使用这个短语?
答案: 是的,“to”在这个短语中是介词,你应该在“to”后面接名词或动名词。"I am looking forward to seeing you soon."
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